&#272;&#7891;ng s&aacute;ng l&#7853;p Ethereum, Vitalik Buterin, &#273;&atilde; k&ecirc;u g&#7885;i s&#7917; d&#7909;ng m&#7853;t m&atilde; kh&ocirc;ng ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c (ZK) &#273;&#7875; cho ph&eacute;p b&#7887; phi&#7871;u b&iacute; m&#7853;t trong c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; v&agrave; t&#432; ph&aacute;p. &Ocirc;ng cho r&#7857;ng t&iacute;nh &#7849;n danh c&oacute; th&#7875; gi&uacute;p b&#7843;o v&#7879; c&aacute;c th&#7849;m ph&aacute;n v&agrave; nh&agrave; l&#7853;p ph&aacute;p kh&#7887;i s&#7921; tr&#7843; th&ugrave;.
Nh&#7853;n x&eacute;t c&#7911;a &ocirc;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#432;a ra sau m&#7897;t v&#7909; vi&#7879;c c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng &#7903; South Carolina. Nh&agrave; c&#7911;a Th&#7849;m ph&aacute;n T&ograve;a &aacute;n Circuit, Diane Goodstein, &#273;&atilde; b&#7883; ch&aacute;y sau nhi&#7873;u tu&#7847;n b&#7883; &#273;e d&#7885;a li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n ph&aacute;n quy&#7871;t c&#7911;a b&agrave; v&#7873; b&#7847;u c&#7917;. S&#7921; vi&#7879;c n&agrave;y &#273;&atilde; l&agrave;m d&#7845;y l&ecirc;n cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; an to&agrave;n c&ocirc;ng c&#7897;ng v&agrave; &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p t&#432; ph&aacute;p.
<h2 class="bic-gutenberg-heading wp-heading wp-block-heading" id="h-vitalik-calls-for-secret-governance-voting">Vitalik k&ecirc;u g&#7885;i b&#7887; phi&#7871;u qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; b&iacute; m&#7853;t</h2>

Buterin <a href="https://farcaster.xyz/vitalik.eth/0x155da2d0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n</a> r&#7857;ng &ldquo;trong th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i d&#7877; d&agrave;ng b&#7883; tr&#7843; th&ugrave; v&#7853;t l&yacute;,&rdquo; t&iacute;nh &#7849;n danh n&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7903; r&#7897;ng cho c&aacute;c th&#7849;m ph&aacute;n, nh&agrave; l&#7853;p ph&aacute;p v&agrave; c&aacute;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c qu&#7889;c t&#7871; nh&#432; &#272;&#7841;i h&#7897;i &#273;&#7891;ng Li&ecirc;n H&#7907;p Qu&#7889;c.
Theo m&#7897;t b&aacute;o c&aacute;o c&#7911;a <a href="https://time.com/7323442/south-carolina-judge-diane-goodstein-house-fire-trump-political-v/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">TIME</a>, c&aacute;c nh&agrave; &#273;i&#7873;u tra &#273;&atilde; tuy&ecirc;n b&#7889; kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u c&#7911;a &#273;&#7889;t ph&aacute;. Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, cu&#7897;c &#273;i&#7873;u tra v&#7851;n &#273;ang ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c khi c&aacute;c c&#417; quan ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c thu th&#7853;p b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng.
<img style="height:400px;width:640px;" decoding="async" alt="" class="wp-image-757569 lazy" style="width:1024px;height:auto" loading="lazy" src="https://assets.beincrypto.com/img/JaFPdHZe7L-Fo9N55_2uslkue4U=/smart/5d599c08795a425dad39c71b429824d1">Tuy&ecirc;n b&#7889; c&#7911;a Vitalik | Farcaster

<blockquote class="max-w-xl text-4.5 border-l-2 border-blue-600 pl-11 mb-9 select-all [&amp;_p]:!mb-0 wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
&ldquo;M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ni&#7873;m tin kh&aacute; c&#7845;p ti&#7871;n c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i l&agrave; nhi&#7873;u h&agrave;nh &#273;&#7897;ng qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; n&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n d&#432;&#7899;i h&igrave;nh th&#7913;c b&#7887; phi&#7871;u b&iacute; m&#7853;t. T&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; t&#7915;ng &#7911;ng h&#7897; vi&#7879;c b&#7887; phi&#7871;u b&iacute; m&#7853;t t&#7841;i &#272;&#7841;i h&#7897;i &#273;&#7891;ng Li&ecirc;n H&#7907;p Qu&#7889;c.&rdquo;
&ldquo;T&igrave;nh hu&#7889;ng n&agrave;y l&agrave; m&#7897;t l&yacute; do t&#7889;t &#273;&#7875; &#7911;ng h&#7897; vi&#7879;c &#7849;n danh danh t&iacute;nh c&#7911;a c&aacute;c th&#7849;m ph&aacute;n khi h&#7885; &#273;&#432;a ra ph&aacute;n quy&#7871;t. Ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng c&#7911;a m&#7897;t th&#7849;m ph&aacute;n l&agrave; ph&aacute;n quy&#7871;t theo s&#7921; th&#7853;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c di&#7877;n gi&#7843;i qua l&#432;&#417;ng t&acirc;m c&#7911;a h&#7885;, kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7875; &lsquo;ch&#7883;u tr&aacute;ch nhi&#7879;m&rsquo; tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&aacute;m &#273;&ocirc;ng b&#7841;o l&#7921;c.&rdquo;
&mdash; Vitalik Buterin</blockquote>

<h2 class="bic-gutenberg-heading wp-heading wp-block-heading" id="h-market-growth-and-ethical-debate">T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&agrave; tranh lu&#7853;n &#273;&#7841;o &#273;&#7913;c</h2>

Ch&#7913;ng minh kh&ocirc;ng ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c&mdash;c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng m&#7853;t m&atilde; ch&#7913;ng minh m&#7897;t tuy&ecirc;n b&#7889; m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng ti&#7871;t l&#7897; d&#7919; li&#7879;u c&#417; b&#7843;n&mdash;ban &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng r&#7897;ng r&atilde;i trong c&aacute;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng blockchain, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#273;&#7875; t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng t&iacute;nh ri&ecirc;ng t&#432; v&agrave; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng m&#7903; r&#7897;ng. Ng&agrave;y nay, ch&uacute;ng &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &aacute;p d&#7909;ng v&agrave;o qu&#7843;n tr&#7883;. Ch&#7913;ng minh ZK c&oacute; th&#7875; x&aacute;c minh t&iacute;nh h&#7907;p l&#7879; c&#7911;a c&#7917; tri v&agrave; ki&#7875;m to&aacute;n k&#7871;t qu&#7843; m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng ti&#7871;t l&#7897; danh t&iacute;nh. Kh&aacute;i ni&#7879;m &ldquo;x&aacute;c minh m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng c&#7847;n tin t&#432;&#7903;ng&rdquo; n&agrave;y hi&#7879;n h&#7895; tr&#7907; nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t s&#7889;, t&agrave;i ch&iacute;nh v&agrave; th&#7853;m ch&iacute; tu&acirc;n th&#7911; quy &#273;&#7883;nh.
Aligned.co &#273;&atilde; <a href="https://www.aligned.co/post/10-billion-revenue-market-size-by-2030" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">d&#7921; b&aacute;o</a> r&#7857;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng minh ZK c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t 10.2 t&#7927; USD h&agrave;ng n&#259;m v&agrave;o n&#259;m 2030. C&ocirc;ng ty d&#7921; ki&#7871;n kho&#7843;ng 87&ndash;90 t&#7927; ch&#7913;ng minh m&#7895;i n&#259;m, v&#7899;i chi ph&iacute; trung b&igrave;nh m&#7895;i ch&#7913;ng minh l&agrave; 0.12 USD. Khi ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng m&aacute;y t&iacute;nh c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n, c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ZK c&oacute; th&#7875; x&#7917; l&yacute; 83,000 giao d&#7883;ch m&#7895;i gi&acirc;y&mdash;g&#7847;n b&#7857;ng t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; c&#7911;a Visa. S&#7921; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n n&agrave;y cho th&#7845;y ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng c&#7911;a ZK tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh h&#7841; t&#7847;ng c&#7845;p doanh nghi&#7879;p.
BeInCrypto &#273;&atilde; <a href="https://beincrypto.com/learn/zero-knowledge-proofs-explained/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">b&aacute;o c&aacute;o</a> v&#7873; c&aacute;c nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855;c c&#417; b&#7843;n c&#7911;a c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; ZK, <a href="https://beincrypto.com/vitalik-buterin-zero-knowledge-misuse/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">b&aacute;o c&aacute;o</a> ch&#7881; tr&iacute;ch c&#7911;a Buterin v&#7873; vi&#7879;c &ldquo;r&#7917;a ZK&rdquo; g&acirc;y hi&#7875;u l&#7847;m, v&agrave; <a href="https://beincrypto.com/vitalik-buterin-rarimo-zero-knowledge-proof-voting-tool/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">b&aacute;o c&aacute;o</a> v&#7873; c&aacute;c c&ocirc;ng c&#7909; b&#7887; phi&#7871;u d&#7921;a tr&ecirc;n ZK m&#7899;i b&#7843;o v&#7879; t&iacute;nh &#7849;n danh trong khi ch&#7913;ng minh t&iacute;nh h&#7907;p l&#7879;.
Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#7911;ng h&#7897; cho r&#7857;ng b&#7887; phi&#7871;u &#7849;n danh c&oacute; th&#7875; ng&#259;n ch&#7863;n s&#7921; &#273;e d&#7885;a v&agrave; b&#7843;o v&#7879; &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p t&#432; ph&aacute;p. H&#7885; l&#432;u &yacute; r&#7857;ng t&iacute;nh b&iacute; m&#7853;t &#273;&atilde; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i trong c&aacute;c cu&#7897;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a b&#7891;i th&#7849;m &#273;o&agrave;n v&agrave; b&#7847;u c&#7917; gi&aacute;o ho&agrave;ng. Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#7881; tr&iacute;ch c&#7843;nh b&aacute;o r&#7857;ng qu&aacute; nhi&#7873;u &#7849;n danh c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave;m suy y&#7871;u gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t v&agrave; gi&#7843;m ni&#7873;m tin c&ocirc;ng ch&uacute;ng v&agrave;o c&aacute;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c. Do &#273;&oacute;, th&aacute;ch th&#7913;c l&agrave; t&igrave;m ra s&#7921; c&acirc;n b&#7857;ng gi&#7919;a an to&agrave;n v&agrave; minh b&#7841;ch.
Buterin c&#361;ng &#273;&atilde; <a href="https://vitalik.eth.limo/general/2025/06/28/zkid.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">c&#7843;nh b&aacute;o</a> r&#7857;ng c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &ldquo;m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7897;t ID&rdquo;&mdash;d&ugrave; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7843;o v&#7879; b&#7903;i ZK&mdash;v&#7851;n c&oacute; th&#7875; cho ph&eacute;p &eacute;p bu&#7897;c n&#7871;u t&#7853;p trung h&oacute;a. Thay v&agrave;o &#273;&oacute;, &ocirc;ng &#7911;ng h&#7897; c&aacute;c m&ocirc; h&igrave;nh &ldquo;nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng &#273;a nguy&ecirc;n&rdquo;, n&#417;i nhi&#7873;u nh&agrave; ph&aacute;t h&agrave;nh phi t&#7853;p trung chia s&#7867; quy&#7873;n x&aacute;c minh &#273;&#7875; ng&#259;n ch&#7863;n l&#7841;m d&#7909;ng.
<img style="height:400px;width:640px;" decoding="async" alt="" class="wp-image-757580 lazy" loading="lazy" src="https://assets.beincrypto.com/img/wd4KyjejAmH-pNVGNNa9rFf6cFU=/smart/dec4eb919829481e9b34fafda2b5bd92">Bi&#7875;u &#273;&#7891; v&#7889;n h&oacute;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7911;a c&aacute;c &#273;&#7891;ng Zero Knowledge (ZK) h&agrave;ng &#273;&#7847;u | CoinGecko

Hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, l&#297;nh v&#7921;c Zero Knowledge (ZK) r&#7897;ng l&#7899;n c&oacute; v&#7889;n h&oacute;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng l&agrave; 8.45 t&#7927; USD, gi&#7843;m nh&#7865; 0.2% trong 24 gi&#7901; qua, <a href="https://www.coingecko.com/en/categories/zero-knowledge-zk" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">theo d&#7919; li&#7879;u t&#7915; CoinGecko.</a> D&ugrave; c&oacute; s&#7921; gi&#7843;m nh&#7865;, ph&acirc;n kh&uacute;c n&agrave;y v&#7851;n l&agrave; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ng&aacute;ch ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n nhanh nh&#7845;t trong h&#7841; t&#7847;ng blockchain, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&uacute;c &#273;&#7849;y b&#7903;i nhu c&#7847;u v&#7873; t&iacute;nh to&aacute;n b&#7843;o v&#7879; quy&#7873;n ri&ecirc;ng t&#432; v&agrave; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng m&#7903; r&#7897;ng.
T&#7893;ng th&#7875;, cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n cho th&#7845;y c&aacute;ch m&#7853;t m&atilde; ZK &#273;ang ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n t&#7915; m&#7897;t c&ocirc;ng c&#7909; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng blockchain th&agrave;nh m&#7897;t bi&#7879;n ph&aacute;p b&#7843;o v&#7879; c&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n. Khi c&aacute;c nh&agrave; ho&#7841;ch &#273;&#7883;nh ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch v&agrave; nh&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n kh&aacute;m ph&aacute; c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&agrave;y, c&aacute;c chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i m&#7841;nh m&#7869; t&#7915; quy&#7873;n ri&ecirc;ng t&#432; sang tr&aacute;ch nhi&#7879;m s&#7869; &#273;&#7883;nh h&igrave;nh giai &#273;o&#7841;n ti&#7871;p theo c&#7911;a qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; k&#7929; thu&#7853;t s&#7889;.

Vitalik Buterin ủng hộ bỏ phiếu bí mật ZK khi thị trường 10 tỷ USD đang đến gần

&#272;&#7891;ng s&aacute;ng l&#7853;p Ethereum, Vitalik Buterin, &#273;&atilde; k&ecirc;u g&#7885;i s&#7917; d&#7909;ng m&#7853;t m&atilde; kh&ocirc;ng ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c (ZK) &#273;&#7875; cho ph&eacute;p b&#7887; phi&#7871;u b&iacute; m&#7853;t trong c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; v&agrave; t&#432; ph&aacute;p. &Ocirc;ng cho r&#7857;ng t&iacute;nh &#7849;n danh c&oacute; th&#7875; gi&uacute;p b&#7843;o v&#7879; c&aacute;c th&#7849;m ph&aacute;n v&agrave; nh&agrave; l&#7853;p ph&aacute;p kh&#7887;i s&#7921; tr&#7843; th&ugrave;.
Nh&#7853;n x&eacute;t c&#7911;a &ocirc;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#432;a ra sau m&#7897;t v&#7909; vi&#7879;c c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng &#7903; South Carolina. Nh&agrave; c&#7911;a Th&#7849;m ph&aacute;n T&ograve;a &aacute;n Circuit, Diane Goodstein, &#273;&atilde; b&#7883; ch&aacute;y sau nhi&#7873;u tu&#7847;n b&#7883; &#273;e d&#7885;a li&ecirc;n quan &#273;&#7871;n ph&aacute;n quy&#7871;t c&#7911;a b&agrave; v&#7873; b&#7847;u c&#7917;. S&#7921; vi&#7879;c n&agrave;y &#273;&atilde; l&agrave;m d&#7845;y l&ecirc;n cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; an to&agrave;n c&ocirc;ng c&#7897;ng v&agrave; &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p t&#432; ph&aacute;p.
<h2 class="bic-gutenberg-heading wp-heading wp-block-heading" id="h-vitalik-calls-for-secret-governance-voting">Vitalik k&ecirc;u g&#7885;i b&#7887; phi&#7871;u qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; b&iacute; m&#7853;t</h2>

Buterin <a href="https://farcaster.xyz/vitalik.eth/0x155da2d0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n</a> r&#7857;ng &ldquo;trong th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i d&#7877; d&agrave;ng b&#7883; tr&#7843; th&ugrave; v&#7853;t l&yacute;,&rdquo; t&iacute;nh &#7849;n danh n&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7903; r&#7897;ng cho c&aacute;c th&#7849;m ph&aacute;n, nh&agrave; l&#7853;p ph&aacute;p v&agrave; c&aacute;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c qu&#7889;c t&#7871; nh&#432; &#272;&#7841;i h&#7897;i &#273;&#7891;ng Li&ecirc;n H&#7907;p Qu&#7889;c.
Theo m&#7897;t b&aacute;o c&aacute;o c&#7911;a <a href="https://time.com/7323442/south-carolina-judge-diane-goodstein-house-fire-trump-political-v/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">TIME</a>, c&aacute;c nh&agrave; &#273;i&#7873;u tra &#273;&atilde; tuy&ecirc;n b&#7889; kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u c&#7911;a &#273;&#7889;t ph&aacute;. Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, cu&#7897;c &#273;i&#7873;u tra v&#7851;n &#273;ang ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c khi c&aacute;c c&#417; quan ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c thu th&#7853;p b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng.
<img style="height:400px;width:640px;"decoding="async" alt="" class="wp-image-757569 lazy" style="width:1024px;height:auto" loading="lazy" src="https://assets.beincrypto.com/img/JaFPdHZe7L-Fo9N55_2uslkue4U=/smart/5d599c08795a425dad39c71b429824d1">Tuy&ecirc;n b&#7889; c&#7911;a Vitalik | Farcaster

<blockquote class="max-w-xl text-4.5 border-l-2 border-blue-600 pl-11 mb-9 select-all [&amp;_p]:!mb-0 wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
&ldquo;M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ni&#7873;m tin kh&aacute; c&#7845;p ti&#7871;n c&#7911;a t&ocirc;i l&agrave; nhi&#7873;u h&agrave;nh &#273;&#7897;ng qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; n&ecirc;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n d&#432;&#7899;i h&igrave;nh th&#7913;c b&#7887; phi&#7871;u b&iacute; m&#7853;t. T&ocirc;i &#273;&atilde; t&#7915;ng &#7911;ng h&#7897; vi&#7879;c b&#7887; phi&#7871;u b&iacute; m&#7853;t t&#7841;i &#272;&#7841;i h&#7897;i &#273;&#7891;ng Li&ecirc;n H&#7907;p Qu&#7889;c.&rdquo;
&ldquo;T&igrave;nh hu&#7889;ng n&agrave;y l&agrave; m&#7897;t l&yacute; do t&#7889;t &#273;&#7875; &#7911;ng h&#7897; vi&#7879;c &#7849;n danh danh t&iacute;nh c&#7911;a c&aacute;c th&#7849;m ph&aacute;n khi h&#7885; &#273;&#432;a ra ph&aacute;n quy&#7871;t. Ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng c&#7911;a m&#7897;t th&#7849;m ph&aacute;n l&agrave; ph&aacute;n quy&#7871;t theo s&#7921; th&#7853;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c di&#7877;n gi&#7843;i qua l&#432;&#417;ng t&acirc;m c&#7911;a h&#7885;, kh&ocirc;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7875; &lsquo;ch&#7883;u tr&aacute;ch nhi&#7879;m&rsquo; tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&aacute;m &#273;&ocirc;ng b&#7841;o l&#7921;c.&rdquo;
&mdash; Vitalik Buterin</blockquote>

<h2 class="bic-gutenberg-heading wp-heading wp-block-heading" id="h-market-growth-and-ethical-debate">T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&agrave; tranh lu&#7853;n &#273;&#7841;o &#273;&#7913;c</h2>

Ch&#7913;ng minh kh&ocirc;ng ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c&mdash;c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng m&#7853;t m&atilde; ch&#7913;ng minh m&#7897;t tuy&ecirc;n b&#7889; m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng ti&#7871;t l&#7897; d&#7919; li&#7879;u c&#417; b&#7843;n&mdash;ban &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng r&#7897;ng r&atilde;i trong c&aacute;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng blockchain, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#273;&#7875; t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng t&iacute;nh ri&ecirc;ng t&#432; v&agrave; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng m&#7903; r&#7897;ng. Ng&agrave;y nay, ch&uacute;ng &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &aacute;p d&#7909;ng v&agrave;o qu&#7843;n tr&#7883;. Ch&#7913;ng minh ZK c&oacute; th&#7875; x&aacute;c minh t&iacute;nh h&#7907;p l&#7879; c&#7911;a c&#7917; tri v&agrave; ki&#7875;m to&aacute;n k&#7871;t qu&#7843; m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng ti&#7871;t l&#7897; danh t&iacute;nh. Kh&aacute;i ni&#7879;m &ldquo;x&aacute;c minh m&agrave; kh&ocirc;ng c&#7847;n tin t&#432;&#7903;ng&rdquo; n&agrave;y hi&#7879;n h&#7895; tr&#7907; nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t s&#7889;, t&agrave;i ch&iacute;nh v&agrave; th&#7853;m ch&iacute; tu&acirc;n th&#7911; quy &#273;&#7883;nh.
Aligned.co &#273;&atilde; <a href="https://www.aligned.co/post/10-billion-revenue-market-size-by-2030" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">d&#7921; b&aacute;o</a> r&#7857;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng minh ZK c&oacute; th&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t 10.2 t&#7927; USD h&agrave;ng n&#259;m v&agrave;o n&#259;m 2030. C&ocirc;ng ty d&#7921; ki&#7871;n kho&#7843;ng 87&ndash;90 t&#7927; ch&#7913;ng minh m&#7895;i n&#259;m, v&#7899;i chi ph&iacute; trung b&igrave;nh m&#7895;i ch&#7913;ng minh l&agrave; 0.12 USD. Khi ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng m&aacute;y t&iacute;nh c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n, c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ZK c&oacute; th&#7875; x&#7917; l&yacute; 83,000 giao d&#7883;ch m&#7895;i gi&acirc;y&mdash;g&#7847;n b&#7857;ng t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; c&#7911;a Visa. S&#7921; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n n&agrave;y cho th&#7845;y ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng c&#7911;a ZK tr&#7903; th&agrave;nh h&#7841; t&#7847;ng c&#7845;p doanh nghi&#7879;p.
BeInCrypto &#273;&atilde; <a href="https://beincrypto.com/learn/zero-knowledge-proofs-explained/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">b&aacute;o c&aacute;o</a> v&#7873; c&aacute;c nguy&ecirc;n t&#7855;c c&#417; b&#7843;n c&#7911;a c&ocirc;ng ngh&#7879; ZK, <a href="https://beincrypto.com/vitalik-buterin-zero-knowledge-misuse/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">b&aacute;o c&aacute;o</a> ch&#7881; tr&iacute;ch c&#7911;a Buterin v&#7873; vi&#7879;c &ldquo;r&#7917;a ZK&rdquo; g&acirc;y hi&#7875;u l&#7847;m, v&agrave; <a href="https://beincrypto.com/vitalik-buterin-rarimo-zero-knowledge-proof-voting-tool/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">b&aacute;o c&aacute;o</a> v&#7873; c&aacute;c c&ocirc;ng c&#7909; b&#7887; phi&#7871;u d&#7921;a tr&ecirc;n ZK m&#7899;i b&#7843;o v&#7879; t&iacute;nh &#7849;n danh trong khi ch&#7913;ng minh t&iacute;nh h&#7907;p l&#7879;.
Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#7911;ng h&#7897; cho r&#7857;ng b&#7887; phi&#7871;u &#7849;n danh c&oacute; th&#7875; ng&#259;n ch&#7863;n s&#7921; &#273;e d&#7885;a v&agrave; b&#7843;o v&#7879; &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p t&#432; ph&aacute;p. H&#7885; l&#432;u &yacute; r&#7857;ng t&iacute;nh b&iacute; m&#7853;t &#273;&atilde; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i trong c&aacute;c cu&#7897;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a b&#7891;i th&#7849;m &#273;o&agrave;n v&agrave; b&#7847;u c&#7917; gi&aacute;o ho&agrave;ng. Tuy nhi&ecirc;n, nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#7881; tr&iacute;ch c&#7843;nh b&aacute;o r&#7857;ng qu&aacute; nhi&#7873;u &#7849;n danh c&oacute; th&#7875; l&agrave;m suy y&#7871;u gi&aacute;m s&aacute;t v&agrave; gi&#7843;m ni&#7873;m tin c&ocirc;ng ch&uacute;ng v&agrave;o c&aacute;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c. Do &#273;&oacute;, th&aacute;ch th&#7913;c l&agrave; t&igrave;m ra s&#7921; c&acirc;n b&#7857;ng gi&#7919;a an to&agrave;n v&agrave; minh b&#7841;ch.
Buterin c&#361;ng &#273;&atilde; <a href="https://vitalik.eth.limo/general/2025/06/28/zkid.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">c&#7843;nh b&aacute;o</a> r&#7857;ng c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &ldquo;m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7897;t ID&rdquo;&mdash;d&ugrave; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7843;o v&#7879; b&#7903;i ZK&mdash;v&#7851;n c&oacute; th&#7875; cho ph&eacute;p &eacute;p bu&#7897;c n&#7871;u t&#7853;p trung h&oacute;a. Thay v&agrave;o &#273;&oacute;, &ocirc;ng &#7911;ng h&#7897; c&aacute;c m&ocirc; h&igrave;nh &ldquo;nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng &#273;a nguy&ecirc;n&rdquo;, n&#417;i nhi&#7873;u nh&agrave; ph&aacute;t h&agrave;nh phi t&#7853;p trung chia s&#7867; quy&#7873;n x&aacute;c minh &#273;&#7875; ng&#259;n ch&#7863;n l&#7841;m d&#7909;ng.
<img style="height:400px;width:640px;"decoding="async" alt="" class="wp-image-757580 lazy" loading="lazy" src="https://assets.beincrypto.com/img/wd4KyjejAmH-pNVGNNa9rFf6cFU=/smart/dec4eb919829481e9b34fafda2b5bd92">Bi&#7875;u &#273;&#7891; v&#7889;n h&oacute;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7911;a c&aacute;c &#273;&#7891;ng Zero Knowledge (ZK) h&agrave;ng &#273;&#7847;u | CoinGecko

Hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, l&#297;nh v&#7921;c Zero Knowledge (ZK) r&#7897;ng l&#7899;n c&oacute; v&#7889;n h&oacute;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng l&agrave; 8.45 t&#7927; USD, gi&#7843;m nh&#7865; 0.2% trong 24 gi&#7901; qua, <a href="https://www.coingecko.com/en/categories/zero-knowledge-zk" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">theo d&#7919; li&#7879;u t&#7915; CoinGecko.</a> D&ugrave; c&oacute; s&#7921; gi&#7843;m nh&#7865;, ph&acirc;n kh&uacute;c n&agrave;y v&#7851;n l&agrave; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ng&aacute;ch ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n nhanh nh&#7845;t trong h&#7841; t&#7847;ng blockchain, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&uacute;c &#273;&#7849;y b&#7903;i nhu c&#7847;u v&#7873; t&iacute;nh to&aacute;n b&#7843;o v&#7879; quy&#7873;n ri&ecirc;ng t&#432; v&agrave; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng m&#7903; r&#7897;ng.
T&#7893;ng th&#7875;, cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n cho th&#7845;y c&aacute;ch m&#7853;t m&atilde; ZK &#273;ang ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n t&#7915; m&#7897;t c&ocirc;ng c&#7909; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng blockchain th&agrave;nh m&#7897;t bi&#7879;n ph&aacute;p b&#7843;o v&#7879; c&ocirc;ng d&acirc;n. Khi c&aacute;c nh&agrave; ho&#7841;ch &#273;&#7883;nh ch&iacute;nh s&aacute;ch v&agrave; nh&agrave; ph&aacute;t tri&#7875;n kh&aacute;m ph&aacute; c&aacute;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&agrave;y, c&aacute;c chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i m&#7841;nh m&#7869; t&#7915; quy&#7873;n ri&ecirc;ng t&#432; sang tr&aacute;ch nhi&#7879;m s&#7869; &#273;&#7883;nh h&igrave;nh giai &#273;o&#7841;n ti&#7871;p theo c&#7911;a qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; k&#7929; thu&#7853;t s&#7889;.